| EXPERIMENT | OBSERVATIONS | INFERENCE |
| 1.PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: a) Colour of the given salt. b) Noted the smell of the salt. | Blue No specific odour | Cu2+, Ni2+ may be present NH4+, S2- and CH3COO- may be absent. |
| 2. DRY HEAT TEST Heated a pinch of the salt in a dry test tube | No gas evolved | CO32-, S2-, SO32-, Cl-, NO2-, NO3- may be absent. |
| 3.DIL. SULPHURIC ACID TEST Treated a pinch of salt with dil. H2SO4 and warmed. | No gas evolved. | CO32-, S2-, SO32-, NO2-, may be absent. |
| 4.CONC. SULPHURIC ACIS TEST Heated a pinch of the salt with conc. Sulphuric acid and added to it a paper pellet. | - | Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3- CH3COO- may be absent |
| 5. Test for sulphate ion:- Sodium carbonate extract + dil. HCl + BaCl2 solution Confirmatory Test:- Above ppt is dissolved in conc. HNO3 | White ppt. is obtained ppt. is insoluble | SO42- present SO42- confirm |
| 6.Heated a pinch of salt with conc. naoh solution | No ammonia gas evolved. | NH4+ absent. |
| 7.To a part of the o.s. added 1-2 ml of dil. HCl | No ppt. formed. | Group I absent. (Pb2+ absent) |
| 8.Trough a part of the above solution, passed H2S gas | Black ppt. formed. | Group II present (Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+ may be present) |
| 9.Dissolve the ppt. in dil. HNO3 and divide the solution in two parts (a) 1st part + dil H2SO4 + C2H5OH (b) 2nd part + NH4OH in excess | White ppt. not obtained Blue solution is obtained | Pb2+ absent Cu2+ present |
| 10. Confirmatory Test In above solution add CH3COOH + K4[Fe(CN)6] | Chocolate ppt is obtained | Cu2+ confirmed |
| 11. Flame test | Green coloured flame | Cu2+ confirmed |
RESULT: ACID RADICAL: SO42- BASIC RADICAL: Cu2+
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